Manas Tiger Reserve UPSC

  • Manas Tiger Reserve is located in the Kokrajhar, Chirang, Buxa and Udalguri District of Assam, India.
  • It is situated at the foothills of the eastern Himalayas.
  • To the north, it is separated from the Royal Manas National Park of Bhutan by the River Manas and its tributaries- Beki and Hakua; while to the west, it is separated from the Buxa Tiger Reserve of West Bengal by the River Sankosh.
  • In 1907, Manas was initially declared a Reserve Forest.
  • In 1928, it was designated as a Game Sanctuary under the British government’s Forest Act of 1927.
  • In 1950, Manas Game Sanctuary was declared as a Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • In 1973, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was declared as Manas Tiger Reserve.
  • In 1985, it was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (Natural).
  • In 1989, it was declared as a Biosphere Reserve by government of India.
  • In 1990, Manas was designated as a National Park.
  • In 2003, it was declared as an Elephant Reserve.
  • In 2008, Manas Tiger Reserve was identified as a Critical Tiger Habitat.
  • In 2014, Manas was recognized as a Tiger Source Site for Conservation.
  • Area: Manas Tiger Reserve covers a total area of 2,837.31 square kilometers (1,095.65 square miles).
    • Core: 526.22 sq.km
    • Buffer: 2310.88 sq.km
    • Total: 2837.31 sq.km.
  • River: The reserve is named after the Manas River. Manas River flow through the heart of Manas Tiger Reserve before joining the Brahmaputra River.
  • Flora: Sal Forests, Khair-Sisoo Forests, Scrub Forests, Semi-Evergreen Forests, Mixed Deciduous Forests, Grasslands etc.
  • Fauna: Tiger, Indian Elephants, Indian Rhinoceros, Wild Water Buffaloes, Gaurs, Barasingha, Asian Golden Cats, Dholes, Chinese Pangolin, Bengal Florican, Slender-billed Vulture, Assam Roofed Turtle, Monitor Lizards etc.
  • One of the notable conservation initiatives in Manas was the successful translocation of Indian rhinoceros from the Kaziranga National Park.
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