Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park UPSC

  • The Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park is located in the South Andaman administrative district of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India.
  • In 1983, it was established as a national park under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.
  • Area: The Park covers an area of about 281.5 square kilometers. It includes 15 islands and several coral reefs.
  • Flora: Coral Reef (Stag Horn Coral, Boulder Coral, Knob Coral, Mushroom Coral, Brain Coral, Star Coral), Mangroves (Rhizophora, Avicennia, and Sonneratia), Coastal Vegetation (beach morning glory, beach heliotrope, sea purslane, and several types of grasses and shrubs), Tropical Rainforest Species (terminalia, andaman padauk, dipterocarpus, and various species of palms, ferns, and orchids), Seagrasses (Halophila and Thalassia) etc.
  • Fauna: Andaman Wild Pig, Spotted Deer, Civet, Fruit Bat, Dolphins, Andaman Teal, Andaman Serpeant Eagle, Water Monitor Lizard, Salt Water Crocodile, Green Sea Turtle, Leatherback Turtle, Hawks Bill Turtle, Olive Ridley Turtle etc.
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