Indira Gandhi National Park UPSC

  • Indira Gandhi National Park is located in the Pollachi and Valparai taluks of Coimbatore District and Udumalaipettai taluk in Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • It lie in the southern part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in the Anamalai Hills.
  • The park is also known as Annamalai National Park.
  • In 1976, the Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary was established.
  • In 1987, the Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary was renamed Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park.
  • In 2007, the park was designated as a tiger reserve under the Project Tiger initiative.
  • Area: Park spans an area of approximately 958 square kilometers (370 square miles).
  • Hills: The park is situated in the Anaimalai Hills, part of the Western Ghats. The highest peak in the Anamalai Hills is Anamudi, which stands at an elevation of approximately 2,695 meters (8,842 feet) and is the highest peak in South India.
  • River: Some prominent rivers and streams flow through the park:
    • Aliyar River
    • Chinnar River
    • Thirumoorthy River
    • Amaravathi River
  • Lake: Some notable lakes in and around the park:
    • Amaravathi Reservoir
    • Aliyar Reservoir
    • Upper Aliyar Reservoir
    • Thirumoorthy Reservoir
  • Tribe: Some of the tribal communities associated with the park:
    • Kadar
    • Malasar
    • Pulaiyar
    • Mudugar
    • Eravalar
  • Flora: Tropical Evergreen Forests (rosewood, ebony, vengai, teak, and magnolia), Moist Deciduous Forests (Teak, bamboos, terminalia, Indian laurel, and banyan), Grasslands, Orchids and Epiphytes etc.
  • Fauna: Tigers, Elephants, Panthers, Lion-tailed Macaque, Nilgiris Langur, Sloth Bear, Sambar, Spotted Deer, Nilgiris Tahr, Wayanad Laughing Thrush, Great Indian Malabar Pied HornBill, Indian Rock Pythons, Indian Monitor Lizards etc.
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