Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve UPSC

  • The Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve is located in the Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh, India.
  • Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve has been recognized for having one of the highest densities of tigers in India. One tiger is found in every 8 km area.
  • Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve is also famous for White Tigers. Maharaja Martand Singh of Rewa captured the first white tiger (Mohan) in Bandhavgarh region in 1951.
  • In 1968, Bandhavgarh was declared a national park to protect tigers.
  • In 1993, Bandhavgarh National Park became a tiger reserve.
  • Area: It consists of three distinct areas: Bandhavgarh National Park (452.666 km2), Panpatha Wildlife Sanctuary (264.235 km2) which make up the “Core Area” and the adjoining notified Buffer Area spread across the districts of Umaria, Shahdol and Katni.
    • Core Area: 716.903 sq. km
    • Buffer Area: 820.035 sq. km
    • Total Area: 1536.938 sq. km
  • Zones: Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve is divided into three major zones:
    • Tala Zone
    • Magdi Zone
    • Bamera Zone
  • Hills: It is situated in the eastern Satpura hills.
  • River: Several rivers and streams passes through the tiger reserve. These streams merge into the Son river.
    • Johilla
    • Janadh
    • Charanganga
    • Damnar
    • Banbei
    • Ambanala
    • Andhiyari Jhiria
  • Lake: Mahaman Pond, also known as Mahaman Talab, located within the tiger reserve. It is a significant water source located in the Tala Zone of the reserve.
  • Tribe: Some of the tribal communities found in the vicinity of Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve include:
    • Baiga
    • Gond
    • Kol
  • Flora: Moist Peninsular Low-level Sal Forest (sal trees, bamboo, teak, tendu, mahua, and arjun), West Gangetic Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest, Northern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest (saalai, dhawada, saja, palas, and kardhai), Dry Deciduous Scrub Forest (babool, khair, kullu, and tendu) etc.
  • Fauna: Tiger, Leopard, Dhole (Indian Wild Dog), Bengal or Indian Fox, Sloth Bear, Smooth-coated Otter, Rusty Spotted Cat, Wild Elephant, Hyena, Spotted Deer, Sambar, Sarus Cranes, Lesser Adjutant Stork, Indian Rock Python, Bengal Monitor Lizard, Indian Softshell Turtle, Indian Flapshell Turtle etc.
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