Rajaji Tiger Reserve UPSC

  • Rajaji Tiger Reserve is spread over three districts: Haridwar, Dehradun and Pauri Garhwal of Uttarakhand. India.
  • It is situated between the Shivalik ranges and the Indo-Gangetic plains.
  • In 1948, the Rajaji Sanctuary was established to protect the tigers.
  • In 1983, the Rajaji Wildlife Sanctuary was upgraded to the status of a national park and renamed as Rajaji National Park. It was named after C. Rajagopalachari, popularly known as Rajaji, who was a prominent freedom fighter and the first Governor-General of independent India.
  • In 2015, the Rajaji National Park was declared as the Rajaji Tiger Reserve, encompassing the Chilla Wildlife Sanctuary, Motichur Wildlife Sanctuary and Rajaji National Park.
  • Area: It covers an area of approximately 820 square kilometers (320 square miles).
    • Core Zone (Rajaji National Park): 819.54 square kilometers
    • Buffer Zone: 255.63 square kilometers
  • Hills: The reserve is situated at the foothills of the Shivalik range of the Himalayas.
  • River: Some prominent rivers that flow through the Rajaji Tiger Reserve:
    • Ganga River
    • Song River
    • Suswa River
  • Flora: Sal Forests, Mixed Broadleaf Forests (Sheesham, Amaltas, Semal), Riverine Vegetation (Khair, Kachnar, and Banyan), Grasslands (Imperata cylindrica, Saccharum spontaneum, and Cymbopogon spp.) etc.
  • Fauna: Bengal Tiger, Asian Elephant, Leopard, Himalayan Black bear, Sloth Bear, Marten, Goral (Mountain Goat), Sambhar, Spotted Deer (Cheetal), Barking Deer (Kakar), Black Napped Hare, Great Hornbill, Crested Serpent Eagle, Gharial, Indian Python, Monitor Lizard etc.
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