Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve UPSC

  • The Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve is located in the Erode District of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu in southern India.
  • The reserve is situated at the confluence of the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats.
  • The tiger reserve is a part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
  • In 2008, the Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary was established.
  • In 2013, the sanctuary was upgraded to the status of a tiger reserve.
  • In 2022, Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve bags the prestigious TX2 Awards after its tiger number doubled to 80 since 2010.
  • Area: The Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve is spread across an area of approximately 1408.405 square kilometers (543.509 square miles).
    • Core area: 793.49331 sq km
    • Buffer area: 614.91210 sq km
    • Total: 1408.405 Sq.km
  • River: Bhavani River flows through the reserve. It originates in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu and flows eastward, passing through the Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve before eventually joining the Kaveri River.
  • Lake: One such notable lake near the tiger reserve is the Bhavanisagar Reservoir (Bhavani Dam).
  • Tribe: The tiger reserve is home to Irula and Soliga tribes.
  • The Sathyamangalam forests have had historical associations with Veerappan, a notorious criminal and bandit.
  • Flora: Dry Deciduous Forests (Teak, Terminalia, Sandalwood, Indian Rosewood, Indian kino tree, and Anogeissus latifolia), Thorny Scrub (Acacia nilotica, Acacia leucophloea, and Ziziphus species), Riverine Forests (Indian Elm, Indian Gooseberry, and Bamboo species), Grasslands etc.
  • Fauna: Tiger, Asian Elephant, Leopard, Gaur, Panther, Sloth Bear, Gaur, Spotted Deer, Dhole, Black Napped Hare, Indian Eagle-Owl, Indian Vulture, Mugger Crocodile etc.
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